Glucagon

Antihypoglycemic Agent — SYSTEMIC HORMONAL PREPARATIONS, EXCL. SEX HORMONES AND INSULINS

Key facts

Glucagon is a drug in the Antihypoglycemic Agent class catalogued in DrugCentral. It was first approved by the FDA in 1960. DrugCentral lists 7 molecular targets, including NR3C1, GLP1R and Glp1r. Recorded indications include Gastrointestinal Radiography Adjunct, Hypoglycemic disorder and Severe hypoglycaemia in patients with diabetes.

• Drug class: Antihypoglycemic Agent; Gastrointestinal Motility Inhibitor.
• Molecular targets: NR3C1, GLP1R, Glp1r and GCGR (7 listed in DrugCentral).
• Indications: Gastrointestinal Radiography Adjunct, Hypoglycemic disorder and Severe hypoglycaemia in patients with diabetes.
• ATC code: H04AA01 (Glycogenolytic hormones).
• Molecular formula: C153H225N43O49S; molecular weight 3482.80 g/mol.

Indications & contraindications

Drug–disease relationships curated by DrugCentral (OMOP / SNOMED concepts).

Indications (3)

• Gastrointestinal Radiography Adjunct
• Hypoglycemic disorder
• Severe hypoglycaemia in patients with diabetes

Contraindications (4)

• Diabetes mellitus
• Glucagonoma
• Insulinoma
• Pheochromocytoma

Mechanism & targets

• Established pharmacologic class: Antihypoglycemic Agent; Gastrointestinal Motility Inhibitor

Molecular targets (7)

Target	Gene	Action	Activity
Glucocorticoid receptor	NR3C1	unknown	EC50 10.70
Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor	GLP1R	unknown	EC50 10.51
Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor	Glp1r	unknown	EC50 10.36
Glucagon receptor	GCGR	agonist	EC50 9.00
Glucagon receptor	Gcgr	unknown	IC50 8.82
Adenylate cyclase	Adcy1|Adcy3|Adcy2|Adcy4|Adcy8|Adcy6|Adcy5	unknown	EC50 8.23
Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor	GLP1R	agonist	Ki 7.00

Regulatory approvals (3)

Date	Agency	Marketed as	Applicant	Orphan
2021-02-02	EMA	—	XERIS PHARMACEUTICALS IRELAND LIMITED
2020-03-25	PMDA	—	Eli Lilly Japan K.K.
1960-11-14	FDA	—	—

ATC classification

ATC code	Therapeutic hierarchy
H04AA01	SYSTEMIC HORMONAL PREPARATIONS, EXCL. SEX HORMONES AND INSULINS › PANCREATIC HORMONES › GLYCOGENOLYTIC HORMONES › Glycogenolytic hormones

Reported adverse-event signals

Strongest FDA FAERS disproportionality signals (log-likelihood ratio). A signal is a statistical association in spontaneous reports, not proof that the drug causes the event.

MedDRA term	LLR
Pulmonary vasculitis	420.6
Neuritis	411.1
Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis	344.2
Respiratory symptom	333.8
Neurological symptom	327.8
Total lung capacity abnormal	321.4
Pulmonary alveolar haemorrhage	308.4
Haemoptysis	279.8
Mite allergy	268.0
Spirometry abnormal	264.5
Dust allergy	264.1
Conjunctivitis allergic	262.1

Chemical structure

• Molecular formula: C₁₅₃H₂₂₅N₄₃O₄₉S
• Molecular weight: 3482.80 g/mol
• CAS number: 9007-92-5
• InChIKey: MASNOZXLGMXCHN-ZLPAWPGGSA-N
• PubChem CID: 16132283

CSCC[C@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC1=CNC2=C1C=CC=C2)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CNC=N1)[C@@H](C)O)[C@@H](C)O)C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(O)=O

Frequently asked questions

Answers are generated from the structured data on this page, not written by hand.

What is Glucagon used for?

DrugCentral lists the following indications for Glucagon: Gastrointestinal Radiography Adjunct, Hypoglycemic disorder and Severe hypoglycaemia in patients with diabetes.

How does Glucagon work?

Its molecular targets in DrugCentral include NR3C1, GLP1R, Glp1r and GCGR (agonist).

When was Glucagon first approved?

Glucagon was first approved by the FDA in 1960.

What drug class does Glucagon belong to?

Glucagon is in the Antihypoglycemic Agent class.

What is the chemical formula of Glucagon?

Glucagon has the molecular formula C153H225N43O49S and a molecular weight of 3482.80 g/mol.

Sources

• DrugCentral drug card 2994 — structure, indications, targets, approvals, pharmacologic classes (CC BY-SA 4.0)
• ChEMBL CHEMBL5314341 — compound record and bioactivity
• PubChem CID 16132283 — chemical identifiers
• DrugBank DB00040 — drug record
• FDA UNII 76LA80IG2G — substance identity
• DailyMed: FDA labels for Glucagon — current prescribing information (label search)
• UniProt P04150 (NR3C1) — target protein
• UniProt P47871 (GCGR) — target protein
• UniProt P43220 (GLP1R) — target protein
• FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (openFDA FAERS) — adverse-event signals, as aggregated by DrugCentral

How this page is built: methodology · editorial policy & corrections.