Isoniazid

Antimycobacterial — ANTIINFECTIVES FOR SYSTEMIC USE

Key facts

Isoniazid is an ofp drug in the Antimycobacterial class catalogued in DrugCentral. It was first approved by the FDA in 1952. DrugCentral lists 6 molecular targets, including folA, MPO and CYP3A4. Recorded indications include Acute tuberculosis, Inactive tuberculosis and Pulmonary tuberculosis.

• Approval status: ofp (first approved 1952 by the FDA).
• Drug class: Antimycobacterial.
• Molecular targets: folA, MPO, CYP3A4 and inhA (6 listed in DrugCentral).
• Indications: Acute tuberculosis, Inactive tuberculosis and Pulmonary tuberculosis.
• ATC code: J04AC01 (Hydrazides).
• Molecular formula: C6H7N3O; molecular weight 137.14 g/mol.

Indications & contraindications

Drug–disease relationships curated by DrugCentral (OMOP / SNOMED concepts).

Indications (3)

• Acute tuberculosis
• Inactive tuberculosis
• Pulmonary tuberculosis

Off-label uses (2)

• Atypical mycobacterial infection
• Tuberculosis of meninges

Contraindications (18)

• Acute hepatic failure
• Acute hepatitis
• Acute nephropathy
• Alcoholism
• Anemia due to enzyme deficiency
• Chronic Hepatic Disease
• Diabetes mellitus
• Diabetic - poor control
• Diabetic peripheral neuropathy
• Disease of liver
• Gout
• Hepatic failure
• Jaundice
• Nutritional disorder
• Peripheral nerve disease
• Porphyria
• Prolonged-Severe Nausea and Vomiting
• Slow acetylator due to N-acetyltransferase enzyme variant

Mechanism & targets

• Established pharmacologic class: Antimycobacterial

Molecular targets (6)

Target	Gene	Action	Activity
Dihydrofolate reductase	folA	unknown	Ki 9.00
Myeloperoxidase	MPO	unknown	IC50 5.33
Cytochrome P450 3A4	CYP3A4	unknown	IC50 5.31
Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase [NADH]	inhA	inhibitor	IC50 5.08
Cytochrome P450 3A5	CYP3A5	unknown	IC50 4.96
Catalase-peroxidase	katG	unknown	—

Regulatory approvals (1)

Date	Agency	Marketed as	Applicant	Orphan
1952-09-29	FDA	—	SANDOZ

ATC classification

ATC code	Therapeutic hierarchy
J04AC01	ANTIINFECTIVES FOR SYSTEMIC USE › ANTIMYCOBACTERIALS › DRUGS FOR TREATMENT OF TUBERCULOSIS › Hydrazides
J04AC51	ANTIINFECTIVES FOR SYSTEMIC USE › ANTIMYCOBACTERIALS › DRUGS FOR TREATMENT OF TUBERCULOSIS › Hydrazides
J04AM01	ANTIINFECTIVES FOR SYSTEMIC USE › ANTIMYCOBACTERIALS › DRUGS FOR TREATMENT OF TUBERCULOSIS › Combinations of drugs for treatment of tuberculosis
J04AM02	ANTIINFECTIVES FOR SYSTEMIC USE › ANTIMYCOBACTERIALS › DRUGS FOR TREATMENT OF TUBERCULOSIS › Combinations of drugs for treatment of tuberculosis
J04AM03	ANTIINFECTIVES FOR SYSTEMIC USE › ANTIMYCOBACTERIALS › DRUGS FOR TREATMENT OF TUBERCULOSIS › Combinations of drugs for treatment of tuberculosis
J04AM04	ANTIINFECTIVES FOR SYSTEMIC USE › ANTIMYCOBACTERIALS › DRUGS FOR TREATMENT OF TUBERCULOSIS › Combinations of drugs for treatment of tuberculosis
J04AM05	ANTIINFECTIVES FOR SYSTEMIC USE › ANTIMYCOBACTERIALS › DRUGS FOR TREATMENT OF TUBERCULOSIS › Combinations of drugs for treatment of tuberculosis
J04AM06	ANTIINFECTIVES FOR SYSTEMIC USE › ANTIMYCOBACTERIALS › DRUGS FOR TREATMENT OF TUBERCULOSIS › Combinations of drugs for treatment of tuberculosis
J04AM07	ANTIINFECTIVES FOR SYSTEMIC USE › ANTIMYCOBACTERIALS › DRUGS FOR TREATMENT OF TUBERCULOSIS › Combinations of drugs for treatment of tuberculosis
J04AM08	ANTIINFECTIVES FOR SYSTEMIC USE › ANTIMYCOBACTERIALS › DRUGS FOR TREATMENT OF TUBERCULOSIS › Combinations of drugs for treatment of tuberculosis

Pharmacogenomics

Drug-label and guideline annotations from PharmGKB and CPIC.

• FDA label: NAT2 · Informative PGx
• PMDA label: NAT2 · Informative PGx

Reported adverse-event signals

Strongest FDA FAERS disproportionality signals (log-likelihood ratio). A signal is a statistical association in spontaneous reports, not proof that the drug causes the event.

MedDRA term	LLR
Paradoxical drug reaction	2083.8
Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms	1688.5
Drug-induced liver injury	1483.5
Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome	996.7
Hepatotoxicity	835.6
Drug resistance	814.3
Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome associated tuberculosis	756.1
Tuberculosis	645.0
Jaundice	581.8
Drug interaction	568.8
Acute hepatic failure	513.7
Tuberculoma of central nervous system	443.3

Chemical structure

Full physicochemical, ADMET and 3D-structure analysis of Isoniazid is on its molecule page.

• Molecular formula: C₆H₇N₃O
• Molecular weight: 137.14 g/mol
• CAS number: 54-85-3
• InChIKey: QRXWMOHMRWLFEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
• PubChem CID: 3767

NNC(=O)C1=CC=NC=C1

Frequently asked questions

Answers are generated from the structured data on this page, not written by hand.

What is Isoniazid used for?

DrugCentral lists the following indications for Isoniazid: Acute tuberculosis, Inactive tuberculosis and Pulmonary tuberculosis.

How does Isoniazid work?

Its molecular targets in DrugCentral include folA, MPO, CYP3A4 and inhA (inhibitor).

When was Isoniazid first approved?

Isoniazid was first approved by the FDA in 1952.

What drug class does Isoniazid belong to?

Isoniazid is in the Antimycobacterial class.

What is the chemical formula of Isoniazid?

Isoniazid has the molecular formula C6H7N3O and a molecular weight of 137.14 g/mol.

Sources

• DrugCentral drug card 1497 — structure, indications, targets, approvals, pharmacologic classes (CC BY-SA 4.0)
• ChEMBL CHEMBL64 — compound record and bioactivity
• PubChem CID 3767 — chemical identifiers
• DrugBank DB00951 — drug record
• FDA UNII V83O1VOZ8L — substance identity
• DailyMed: FDA labels for Isoniazid — current prescribing information (label search)
• UniProt P05164 (MPO) — target protein
• UniProt P08684 (CYP3A4) — target protein
• UniProt P20815 (CYP3A5) — target protein
• FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (openFDA FAERS) — adverse-event signals, as aggregated by DrugCentral
• PharmGKB / CPIC — pharmacogenomic label annotations

How this page is built: methodology · editorial policy & corrections.